Prostatitis ispurely a male disease. This is one of the most common changes in the urinary system, which occurs in about 80% of men, 4 of them before the age of 40.
Disease is not an isolated process: it isit traumatizes nearby organs and poisons the whole body.
How does prostatitis develop?
The essence of the process is inflammation of the prostate or prostate gland.
The prostate is located in the pelvis, next to the base of the bladder. It is an odd organ that looks like a chestnut. The urethra passes through it. Behind the gland is the rectum, and in front of it is the vulva.
The prostate is a fairly flexible organ, as its base is made up of muscle fibers and glandular cells. It consists of 2 lobes connected by an isthmus. This is the main source of urinary problems. With advancing age, it thickens and increases in size, the isthmus exerts pressure on the urethra, disrupting the process of urine excretion.
Prostatefunctions for the organization:
| Function | The point |
|---|---|
| Secretary | It produces a secretion that is part of the sperm. It dilutes, adjusts the necessary pH value, and increases sperm motility. |
| Engine | The muscle fibers of the gland make up the urinary sphincter, which helps to hold back urine. |
| Barrier | It contains a zinc-peptide complex, lysozyme, cellular immunity factors, and spermine, which prevent the development of infection in an ascending manner. |
Prostatitis develops when an inflammatory process starts in the gland. At the same time, it increases in size, compressing the urethra. This causes difficulty urinating.
In addition, the enlarged prostate "penetrates" the bladder and compresses it. Because of this, urine discharge is interrupted, stagnates, causing inflammation in the bladder. Long-term stagnation of urinary fluid in its "reservoir" leads to poisoning of the entire body with metabolic products.
Contributing factors
It is the main cause of prostatitisinfection. It can be staphylococcus, enterococcus, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli, Proteus. Most often, prostatitisa consequence of sexually transmitted diseases: syphilis or gonorrhea, chlamydia, trichomoniasis.
It is less often the cause of the diseaseinfectious processes of other systems: flu, tuberculosis, tonsillitis and others. Bacteria and viruses enter the prostate through lymph and blood flow, as well as through sexual contact. It often happens that the pathogenic flora enters the gland on the way up from the urethra or with infected urine coming down from the bladder.
Other factorswhich cause inflammation of the gland:
- circulatory disorders in the pelvis. This can be caused by a sedentary lifestyle, excess weight and injuries to the pelvis. Drivers who are constantly in a sitting position and experience vibration and pressure in the perineal area represent a special risk group. Decreased blood circulation in the pelvis causes congestion and lack of oxygen in the prostate gland, which also provokes the development of infection,
- hypothermia,
- hormonal imbalance,
- urination problems,
- irregular sexual activity - too "violent" sex life, abstinence, interruption of sexual intercourse,
- chronic constipation,
- inflammation of the rectum,
- reduced immunity, as a result of which the body becomes susceptible to infectious agents.
There is an opinion that the risk of developing the disease increases with the regular use of alcohol and drugs.
Typification and symptoms of the disease
In the modern world, prostatitis is divided into types according to the 1995 classification of the US National Institutes of Health.on clinical data and the presence of leukocytes and pathogenic flora in semen, prostatic secretions and urine:
- Acute bacterial prostatitis.
- Chronic bacterial prostatitis.
- CPPS – chronic pelvic pain syndrome or chronic non-bacterial prostatitis.
- Asymptomatic prostatitis.
Acute prostatitisinfectious in nature. It has several stages:
catarrhal It is accompanied by frequent and painful urination. The pain radiates to the sacrum and perineum,follicular. The intensity of the pain increases. It also appears during bowel movements. Urination becomes difficult - urine comes out in a thin stream or drops. Hyperthermia up to 38°,parenchymal. It is characterized by acute urinary retention and defecation problems. Severe pain in perineum, lower back and above pubic area. The body temperature rises to 38-40 degrees. Poisoning of the body develops, the symptoms of which are general weakness, nausea, rapid heartbeat.
During the urologist's digital examination, an enlarged, dense prostate is palpable, hot and painful to the touch. A large number of leukocytes and bacteria are detected in the urine.
Chronic prostatitisit can develop as a consequence of an acute illness or as an independent illness. The diagnosis is made when the process lasts for 3 months or more.
Chronic prostatitis manifests itself in 3 main syndromes:
painful. Interestingly, the prostate itself does not contain pain receptors. The pain occurs when the inflammatory process grabs the nerve fibers of the small pelvis, of which there are quite a lot. This is of a different nature. It can be insignificant or sharp and strong, disturbing even at night, subsiding and starting again. It is localized in the sacrum, scrotum, lower back and perineum.dysuric. The urge to urinate becomes more frequent. It becomes slow, there is a feeling of a heavy, incompletely emptied bladder. Then the process may improve due to the compensatory growth of the bladder muscles, but it will soon resume. Discharge appears from the urethra during defecation.sexual disorders - increase or decrease of erection at night, blurred orgasm, pain during ejaculation and its acceleration. Aggravation of sexual disorders, which ultimately leads to impotence. There is a concept of psychogenic dyspotency, when a person convinces himself that in his condition, violation of the intimate sphere is inevitable. And they are actually improving. With the development of sexual dysfunction, the man's mood also changes: he becomes irritable and depressed.
The chronic form of prostatitis often becomes a manifestation of hidden sexually transmitted infections.
Diagnosis of CPPSit is placed when clinical manifestations of prostatitis are present, but the causative agents of the disease cannot be detected in biological fluids (urine, ejaculate and prostatic secretion). Leukocytes are determined simultaneously.
The main criterion for diagnosis is pain that does not improve within 3 months.
Chronic pelvic pain syndrome can be divided into two categories: inflammatory and non-inflammatory.
Inflammatory CPPSit is determined when a large number of leukocytes are found in biological fluids. Bacteria cannot be detected.
Non-inflammatory CPPScharacterized by the absence of leukocytes and pathogenic flora in biological fluids.
In both cases, symptoms of prostatitis persist.
Asymptomatic formThe disease is characterized by the absence of signs of prostatitis. It is discovered by chance during a histological examination of the prostate tissue, if the patient has been prescribed a prostate biopsy. A similar procedure is prescribed, for example, in case of an increase in the PSA level.
It manifests itself regardless of the type of the disease (except for the asymptomatic form)., above all urinary tract disorders:
- pain when urinating,
- weak urine flow or dribbling,
- feeling that the bladder is not completely empty.
If such symptoms appear, do not delay the visit to the urologist. This helps to stop the process at the first stage.
How to recognize the disease
The main criterion for establishing a diagnosis is the patient's clinical picture and complaints.
But to finally confirm,must undergo a series of tests and examinations:
Examination by a urologist. The doctor should perform a rectal examination of the prostate. A finger is passed through the rectum. It is worth emptying before the examination. Manipulation is used to determine the shape and size of the gland, as well as its consistency. The procedure helps determine the presence of tumors and inflammation in the prostate. The digital examination allows the collection of prostate secretions.Analysis of urine. We examine two parts: at the beginning of the urine and at the end of the urine. 1 dose indicates the state of the urethra, 2 - the kidneys and bladder. The presence of leukocytes above normal in the urine (15 per field of view) indicates inflammation.After the urine is collected, a prostate massage is performed, as a result of which secretion is obtained. If there is too little of it and it is not released from the urethra, but remains on its wall, urine is collected after the massage. It is as informative as the prostate secretion itself. Leukocytes (no more than 10), as well as lecithin granules and amyloid bodies are determined here. If the first analysis of the secretion of the gland did not show any abnormalities, this does not mean the absence of the process. Prostatic juice can be too viscous and clog the lumen of the ducts of the affected glands. The secretory secretion is then produced by the healthy gland cells. Therefore, such an analysis must be passed several times. To identify the causative agent of the disease and to determine sensitivity to antibiotics, urine and prostate secretions are also cultured.General blood test. Analysis of the presence of sexually transmitted diseases. Ultrasound of the kidneys, bladder, TRUS, which enables a thorough assessment of the state of the prostate,Uroflowmetry. It is used to evaluate the rate and time of urine excretion. This is done with a special device consisting of sensors and a container. All the patient has to do is urinate as usual.Blood PSA - prostate-specific antigen. It indicates the presence of neoplastic formations of the prostate gland - adenoma or cancer,Prostate biopsy. It is performed in case of suspected cancer.
It is necessary to make a spermogram, which helps to confirm or deny infertility.
Treatment of acute and chronic prostatitis
Acute prostatitis without complications is usually treated on an outpatient basis. Hospitalization is recommended in case of severe poisoning or the development of complications.
Treatment of acute prostatitisstart with antibiotics. If the condition is sharply disturbed, then it is administered without waiting for the results of the analysis. They use groups of antibacterial drugs that can penetrate deep into the tissues of the prostate. They act on the bacteria that most often cause inflammation in it. These antibiotics include fluoroquinolones.
After receiving the testsantibiotic therapy can be modified differently. It all depends on the causative agent of the disease and its sensitivity to the drug. The treatment is modified even if no effect is noticed after 2 days.
In case of acute prostatitis, the administration of pain relievers and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is recommended. In addition to oral medications, suppositories are also used, which have an analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect: propolis suppositories based on prostate extract.
In case of severe poisoningdo detoxification therapy. Use a glucose solution for this.
Prescribed medications that improve blood circulation to the prostate. They ensure the drainage of lymph from the gland, relieve swelling, and promote the removal of toxins.
In case of acute prostatitis, it is prohibited to massage the gland, as this may cause sepsis.
Treatment of chronic prostatitis depends on the stage of the disease.
Antibiotics are used in acute form. In the remission phase, the goal of therapy is to maintain the normal functioning of the gland:
- Medicines that normalize the microcirculation of organs.
- Anti-inflammatory drugs.
- It is important to maintain the body's immune function, which decreases as a result of antibiotic courses. For this, patients are prescribed immunostimulants.
- In case of sexual dysfunction, it is possible to prescribe antidepressants and sedatives.
- Prostate massage.
- Physiotherapy:
- laser,
- ultrasound,
- rectal electrophoresis,
- transrectal microwave hyperthermia.
- Physiotherapy.
Physiotherapy for prostatitis increases the tone of the pelvic floor muscles and reduces pain.
Prostate massage: purpose and technique
Finger massage of the prostate has several purposes.
It is also used as a diagnosis, to extract gland secretions, and to treat chronic prostatitis.
MostA common method of this procedure is transrectal. In this case, the patient is placed on his right side with his knees bent. The doctor inserts his index finger into the anus and moves it along the anus. Then we perform a massage: we gently caress all the lobes of the surrounding gland and along the channels. At the end of the procedure, the groove between the lobes is kneaded to release the secretory fluid.
The focus should be on the patient's feelings: no pain should be caused during the manipulation. The procedure lasts 1 minute, the entire course is 15 sessions.
The indicator of a high-quality massage is the release of a few drops of gland secretion.
Such manipulation is above all elseincreases blood circulation in the prostate. This speeds up tissue recovery and improves the passage of drugs, eliminates congestion and relieves inflammation.
Massage helps to strengthen the muscles of the gland and perineum. The procedure allows the stagnant seminal fluid to be removed from the organ, as a result of which the prostate is cleansed of bacteria and toxins. Compression of the urethra ceases and urination improves. Massage increases potency by increasing the circulation of the seminal fluid.
In addition to the transrectal method, there is also an instillation method and a bougie massage.
Instillation methodit begins with the introduction of a medicinal solution through the urethra. Then we squeeze and massage the prostate using the finger method. In this case, the healing solution penetrates the gland, enhancing the effect of the procedure. At the end, the urethra opens, it is recommended to wait a little before urinating. The medication is returned to the urethra.
Bougie massagethrough the urethra with the help of bougies - special tools for expanding and examining the tubular organs. The patient is in the right lateral position. The bougie is inserted into the urethra and held with one hand. With the second hand, smooth and press the penis from top to bottom. The duration of the procedure is 1 minute, after which the drugs are administered intraurethrally. This massage is supported by antibiotic therapy.
Prostate finger massage– medical manipulation performed by a specialist according to clear indications.
Self-massage is possible: rhythmically tighten and relax the muscles around the anus. This procedure will be invisible to others and will help strengthen the gland.
Like all manipulations,Prostate massage has its contraindications:
- acute prostatitis,
- gland cancer or adenoma,
- hemorrhoids,
- stones, cystic formations in the prostate organ.
A professionally performed procedure helps to restore the structure and function of the prostate, and the stimulation of sensitive points eliminates sexual dysfunction.
Prostatitis and traditional medicine
In addition to medicines, traditional methods also help to cope with prostatitis.Combining these 2 types of treatment, speeds up the healing process and relieves discomfort.
There are many home remedies that can help you fight prostatitis. Here are some of them:
- Grind 500 grams of peeled raw pumpkin seeds through a meat grinder and mix with 200 grams of honey. We form small balls from the obtained mass. Consume twice a day before meals, slowly, chewed and thoroughly dissolved. Pumpkin seeds contain a large amount of zinc, which is essential for men's health.
- blueberries have an anti-inflammatory effect. If you eat 200 grams of this berry every day, you will support men's health,
- Parsley became famous primarily as a culinary spice. But in addition, it also contains many useful substances, including those that the male body needs. Take parsley juice 1 tablespoon. l. 3 times a day 30 minutes before meals. It helps reduce inflammation and improve sex life,
- take out the green skin of the chestnut together with the thorns, chop it up and pour boiling water over it. Use it as a tea
- Grind 300 grams of onion to a paste-like consistency, add 100 grams of honey and 600 ml of dry wine. Keep in a dark and cool place for 1 week, stirring occasionally. Filter it. Use 2 tbsp. l. 3 times a day before meals. Effective in the treatment of chronic prostatitis.
Some of them help speed up healingexercise. They stimulate blood circulation in the pelvic area and, accordingly, in the prostate.
- Deep squats below knee level. The optimal number of times is 100. Do it 3 times a week. If you cannot do such a number at once, perform squats in several approaches with breaks.
- Scissors. Sit on the floor and place your hands on the floor behind you. Extend your legs in front of you, lift them off the floor. Search them through each other. The movements resemble the work of scissors.
- Lying on your back, bend your knees and bring them to your chest. Put your arms around them. Hold the pose for up to 20 minutes.
- Regular walking is also an excellent way to relieve congestion.
you knowcomplement this complex with other exercises, which activate and warm up the muscles.
Teenage prostatitis
It is hard to believe, but prostatitis, which was considered the domain of middle and old age, is now significantly younger and can even be found among teenagers. It negatively affects the state of the entire organism, as well as the reproductive capacity of young people.
Thereforeit is important to understand the reasonswhich lead to teenage prostatitis:
early sexual activity and sexual illiteracy. Unprotected sexual intercourse contributes to the flourishing of sexually transmitted infections, which can cause bacterial prostatitis,hypothermia - a contributing factor in the development of prostatitis. An imbalance in temperature reduces immunity and exposes the body to infectious attacks,fashion trends – wearing clothes and underwear that are too tight disrupts blood circulation in the pelvis and leads to stagnation in this area,sedentary lifestyle - modern young people's computer work replaces sports, walking and other active pastimes,excessive sexual activity it literally exhausts the gland. Its functions decrease, the small amount of secretions released, and the deterioration of its quality make it more susceptible to infections.
Prostatitis manifests itself in different ways in young people. Some people are worried about the obvious symptoms: hyperthermia, severe lumbar pain with irradiation of adjacent organs and when urinating. In others, the symptoms appear in a mild form. General weakness, reduced activity, low fever, urethral discharge appear.
VeryIt is important not to ignore the signs of the disease, but to start treatment in time. The neglected pathological process leaves a mark on the condition of the organ and on the life of young men.
Preventive measures
All diseases are better to prevent than to cure. Measures to prevent prostatitis are quite simple and not difficult to follow.
- First of all,rethink your daily routine. If you do sedentary work, be sure to include five minutes of exercise in your routine. Stretch your body, move more. This is necessary so that the blood "runs" faster through the blood vessels. At the same time, avoid excessive physical activity, which exhausts the body.
- Don't smoke cigarettes. Tobacco smoke constricts blood vessels and impairs blood circulation, reducing oxygen supply to the prostate gland. Limit the consumption of alcoholic beverages.
- Avoid hypothermia and nervous tension.
- Marinated foods, as well as spices and pickles, hot sauces should be eaten in portions.
- The regularity of sexual activity and the appropriateness of intercourse must be taken into account.
Untreated prostatitis threatens many complications: the transition to a chronic form, the development of infertility, the process spreading to the kidneys and bladder. More serious consequences include adenoma and prostate cancer. It is possible that pus foci - abscesses - appear in the gland and become septic.
As you can see, the disease is quite insidious. And despite the subtlety of the problem, you should not delay treatment. Block the process at an early stage of its development: only in this case will you preserve your health and virility.